Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs) encompass a group of diagnostic assessments that evaluate how well the lungs function. These tests measure various aspects of lung health, including lung capacity, airflow, and gas exchange, providing critical insights into respiratory conditions and lung function.

PFTs typically include spirometry, which measures lung volume and airflow, and may involve other specialized tests based on the patient’s specific symptoms and medical history. During spirometry, the patient breathes into a device called a spirometer, which records parameters like forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1).

These tests are invaluable for diagnosing a wide range of respiratory conditions, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, interstitial lung disease, and restrictive lung disorders. They help healthcare providers assess lung function, identify the type and severity of lung diseases, and monitor disease progression or treatment effectiveness.

PFTs are also crucial in preoperative evaluations to ensure that patients can tolerate surgery and anesthesia. Additionally, they aid in evaluating the impact of occupational or environmental exposures on lung health.

By providing objective data on lung function, PFTs guide treatment decisions, help tailor medication regimens, and assist in designing pulmonary rehabilitation programs. They play a central role in managing respiratory health and improving the quality of life for individuals with lung conditions.